Bibliography on Braille Automation and Related Research

Prepared by J.M. Gill
Warwick Research Unit for the Blind
March 1978


Originally published at this location (page 25 of the Braille Research Newsletter, No. 7, March 1978) (pdf page 26)
  1. Computer Translation: Grade 2 from Print; Report of the APH, June 1969 (This early report deals with producing mathematical braille and music braille)
    APH. Computer Assisted Translation of Braille Music. 1839 Frankfort Avenue, Louisville, KY 40206, U.S.A., June 1972, July 1973, December 1974, March 1975, June 1975 and September 1975.
  2. Arts Equipment and Services; American Systems, Inc.; 123 Water Street, Watertown, Massachusetts 02172, U.S.A., November 1973, 21 pp.
  3. An Inexpensive Braille Terminal Device; Anderson G.B. & Rogers D.W.; Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, Vol. 11, June 1968, pp. 417, 418, 440. [acm]
  4. Provision of Braille Reading-Matter by Means of Punched Tapes; Association de Nederlandsche Blindenbibliotheek; Noordwal 7, The Hague, Holland, 1973, 15 pp.
  5. Computer-Assisted Braille Production Capability; by P.R. Bagley (pdf page 16)
    Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 15-18.
  6. A Guideline for the Improvement of Braille Production by Computer by P.R. Bagley (pdf page 32) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 31-34.
  7. KOBRL Numeric Code: An Inkprint Output for Computer Transcribed Braille by K.O. Beatty (pdf page 40) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 39-41.
  8. SNOBRL Transcription of Inkprint into KOBRL Numeric Code by K.O. Beatty (pdf page 43) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 42-46.
  9. Brailletran: A Comprehensive Braille Transcription Program; Boyer J.J.; Proceedings of the Braille Reserch and Development Conference, MIT Sensory Aids Center, Nov 18 1966 (pdf page 18) pp. 10-13.
  10. A Braille Code for Interactive Terminal Use; Boyle J., Jacobs W. & Loeber N.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 27, April 1974, pp. 267-272.
  11. Maschinenschreiben für Blinde und Sehschwache: ein Lehrbuch für den Gruppenunterricht und zum Selbststudium; Allgemeiner Deutscher Blinden-Verband; 1966; Hilde Branaschk
  12. Braille Books from Compositors' Tapes; C. Brosamle; (pdf page 14) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 13-18.
  13. Braille Remote Computer Terminal; Brown A.; Monash University, Australia, 1975, 31 pp.
  14. The Introduction of Braille Produced by Computer at The Canadian National Institute for the Blind; Brown D.A.G.; (pdf page 5) by Computer at The Canadian National Institute for the Blind. Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 4-10.
  15. The Efficiency of Braille as a Medium of Communication; Buckley J. E.; (pdf page 12) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 11-25.
  16. Grade II French Automated Braille; Charpentier J.M.; (pdf page 86) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 85-87.
  17. Etude d'un Editeur Braille; Charpentier J. M.; Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Paris, November 1976, 25 pp.
  18. AFB Autobraille Project; Clark L.L.; (pdf page 15) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, p. 14.
  19. The Braille Press and Its Future; Clark L.L.; (pdf page 27) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 26-34.
  20. Clarke & Smith Braille System; Clarke & Smith Industries; Melbourne House, Wallington, Surrey, England February 1974, 11 pp.
  21. Computer Terminals for the Blind; Coleman P.W.F.; Electronics & Power, Vol. 18, March 1972, pp. 84-86.
  22. Some Thoughts on Future Braille Research; Coleman P.W.F.; (pdf page 16) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, pp. 15-20.
  23. The Search for a Braille Translation Program -- Part 1; Coleman P.W.F.; Computer Weekly, 14th August 1975, p. 6.
  24. Braille Programs - Part 2: Defining the Language; Coleman P.W.F.; Computer Weekly, 21st August 1975, p. 6.
  25. A Note on Hybrid Braille Production; Coleman P.W.F.; (pdf page 20) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 19-25.
  26. Some Thoughts on PL/1 Braille Translators; Coleman P.W.F.; (pdf page 9) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 3, December 1976, pp. 8-15.
  27. World Council for the Welfare of the Blind Committee on Computerised Braille Production; Croisdale D.W.; (pdf page 86) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 85-86.
  28. An Alternative Approach to Semi-Automatic Brailling; Daily D.J.; (pdf page 46) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 45-61.
  29. Comparison of University of Dayton and MIT One-Cell Braille Codes; Dalrymple G.F.; Sensory Aids Evaluation and Development Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Report No. 49, September 1970.
  30. TSPS Braille Display by G.F. Dalrymple (pdf page 79) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 78-81.
  31. Beitrag zur Bestimmung der DV-Funktionen und Ihrer Zuordnung zu Funktionstragern und Darauf Aufbauende Konzeption zur Erschliebung von Blindenarbeitsplatzen in der EDV; Dinius G.; Dissertation, Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Germany, 1971, 266 pp.
  32. Discussion Paper on the Desirability of a Joint Research Project on the Braille Code, Extending the Use of Braille 3 and the Improvement of Reading Skills Douce and M.J. Tobin (pdf page 6) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, pp. 5-8. Reprinted in New Outlook for the Blind, Vol. 70, No. 5, May 1976, p. 215.
  33. Some Developments in Computer-Aided Information Services for the Blind; Douce J.L.; Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 123, No. 1, January 1976, pp. 93-97.
  34. Rationalisation of Braille Book Printing; J.L. Douce; (pdf page 26) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 25-30.
  35. The Braille translation program of Münster University; Eickenscheidt B.; The Munster Workshop, March 1973.
  36. Final Report to John A. Hartford Foundation. Development of a High-Speed Brailler System for more Rapid and Extensive Production of Informational Material for the Blind. Sensory Aids Evaluation and Development Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, September 1970, Reprinted 1973, 54 pp.
  37. Braille Translation: The Computer Aids The Blind; Forbes J.; MITRE Matrix, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1972, pp. 22-31.
  38. Computer Services for the Blind; Foulke E.; The Braille Monitor, May 1972, pp. 207-210.
  39. Braille Research in the Perceptual Alternatives Laboratory; Foulke E.; (pdf page 19) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, p. 13.
  40. History and Status of the Computer Generated Braille Project; Geil J.; (pdf page 36) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 7, October 1977, pp. 35-44.
  41. Dotsys III, description of COBOL program; W. Reid Gerhart, Dr. Jonathan K. Millen, and Joseph E. Sullivan; Technical Report MTR-2119, MITRE Corp., May 1971 139 pp.
  42. Plate Embossing Device; Gibbons P.D. & Ost E.L.; (pdf page 33) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 32-34.
  43. Non-Visual Computer Peripherals; Gill J.M.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 29, June 1975, pp. 197-212.
  44. Methods of Increasing the Accessibility of Reading Materials by the Blind; Gill J.M.; The Louis Braille British Conference on Research into Reading and Listening by the Visually Handicapped, Girton College, Cambridge University (England), 6th-9th January 1975, pp. 155-162.
  45. The Use of Digitally-Stored Text for Braille Production; Gill J.M.; National Computer Conference, New York, June 1976. Reprinted in Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 6-10, and SIGCAPH Newsletter, No. 20, July 1976, pp. 21-24.
  46. A Feasibility Study on a Braille Transcription Service for Short Documents; Gill J.M. & Humphreys J.; (pdf page 20) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 19-24.
  47. Available Page Braille Embossers; Gill J.M.; (pdf page 17) (MIT, Triformations, SAGEM) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 3, December 1976, pp. 16-29.
  48. Design and Evaluation of a System for the Production of Short Documents in Contracted Braille; Gill J.M. et al.; Warwick Research Unit for the Blind, England, 1975, 184 pp.
  49. An Analysis of Braille Contractions; Gill J.M. & Humphreys J.; (pdf page 51) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 50-57.
  50. Computer Coding of Music Scores Using an On-Line Organ Keyboard; Gillies S.G. & Goldsach S.J.; (pdf page 63) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 62-64.
  51. Small Computers and Grade 2 Braille; Glaser E.L.; Proceedings of the Braille Reserch and Development Conference, MIT Sensory Aids Center, Nov 18 1966 (pdf page 22) p. 14.
  52. Braille in the United States: Its Production, Distribution and Use; Goldish L.H.; I.R.I.S., AFB, New York.
  53. A Braille Reading Machine; Grunwald A.P.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 16, May 1968, pp. 73-78.
  54. Testing Argonne's Braille Machine; Grunwald A.P. & Biesemeier P.J. T; Argonne National Laboratory, U.S.A., 1977.
  55. Argonne System for Braille Publication; Grunwald A.P.; (pdf page 63) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 62-73.
  56. Factors in the Design of Braille Provision Systems; Hampshire B.E. & Whiston T.G.; New Outlook for the Blind, Vol. 70, No. 4, April 1976, pp. 137-142.
  57. The Expansion of Braille Production in Sweden; Hampshire B. & Becker S.; (pdf page 27) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 26-31.
  58. Expansion of Braille Production in Sweden; Hampshire B. M.; Handikappinstitutet, Sweden, September 1977, 80 pp.
  59. Automated Braille Research at the National Physical Laboratory; Howlett J.; (pdf page 92) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, p. 91.
  60. Automatic Translation by Computer of Music Notation to Braille; Humphreys J.;(pdf page 6) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 5-12.
  61. Spelled Speech as an Output for Computers and Reading Machines for the Blind; Ingham K.R.; IEEE Trans. HFE-8, No. 3, September 1967.
  62. Braille, the Language, its Machine Translation and Display; Ingham K.R.; IEEE Trans. MMS-10, No. 4, December 1969.
  63. A Speech Read-Only Memory Store for Blind Programmers; Ingham K.R.; IEEE Trans. BME-17, No. 2, April 1970.
  64. A Braille Translator; de Jong E.H.; MIT Thesis, January 1976, 67 pp.
  65. Gaining production rules for a MARKOV Braille translation algorithm; Kamp H.; The Munster Workshop, March 1973.
  66. Research Project on Braille Printing; Kuppers H.J.; (pdf page 13) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, p. 12.
  67. Braille Printing Techniques: Final Report; Kuppers H.J.; Stiftung Rehabilitation, Heidelberg, 1976, 26 pp.
  68. The Feasibility Study into the Usage of Computers by and for the Blind; Lawes W.F.; Royal National Institute for the Blind, England. January 1975.
  69. The Argonne Braille Translator; Leffler L.C. & Prastein S.M.; Argonne National Laboratory, Technical Memorandum No. 180, May 1969.
  70. The Medcomp Braille Program; Lichtenstein M.; Computer Work for the Blind, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, September 1963, pp. 23-27.
  71. Proposed Braille Computer Terminal Offers Expanded World to the Blind; Leober N.C.; Conference Proceedings of the American Federation of Information Processing Societies, Vol. 39.
  72. Using Punched Cards for Automated Braille Embossing; Loeber N.C.; (pdf page 38) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 37-38.
  73. Modified Standard Office Equipment for Braille Translation and Embossing; Loeber N.C.; SIGCAPH Newsletter, No. 21, November 1976, pp. 9-19.
  74. Automating Braille Translation and Presentation; Mann R.W. & Gammill R.C.; Evaluation Report on Work in Progress on Sensory aids and Prosthetics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, M.I.T., Report No. 9211-2, April 1964.
  75. Translating DARMS into Musical Braille; McLean B.; (pdf page 66) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 65-67.
  76. Computer-produced Braille Translation of Serials: A Demonstration, Feasibility Study, and Implications for Librarianship; Michel M.; City University of New York, U.S.A., 1976, 18 pp,
  77. An Inexpensive, Universal Braille (UNIBRL) Output Device; Mick D.E. & Hittinger G.N.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 24, March 1972, pp. 158-160.
  78. Choice of COBOL for Braille Translation. Millen J.K; MITRE Corporation, December 1969, 19 pp.
  79. DOTSYS II: Finite State Syntax-Directed Braille Translation; Millen J.K.; MITRE Corporation Report No. 1829, 1970, 43 pp.
  80. Braille Embossing and Transmission Equipment; Morrison R.E.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 22, December 1970, pp. 71-82.
  81. Electronic Aids for the Blind at The Polytechnical University of Madrid; Munoz E., Garcia A., Lopez C. & Martinez R.; (pdf page 83) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, pp. 82-84.
  82. Recent Developments in Computerised Mathematical Braille; Nemeth A.; Proceedings, Conference on New Processes for Braille Manufacture (APH, Louisville, KY, February 8-9, 1968) (pdf page 50) pp. 50-53.
  83. A Braille Letterpress for the Blind; Ohlson G.W. & Saunder F.A.; (pdf page 74) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August p 1976, pp. 73-79.
  84. Computers and Music Braille; Patrick P.H. & Patrick R.E.; (pdf page 53) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 52-61.
  85. Proceedings of the Braille Reserch and Development Conference, MIT Sensory Aids Center, Nov 18 1966
  86. Proceedings of the Conference of New Processes for Braille Manufacture, Sensory Aids Evaluation and Development Center, MIT, May 1967
  87. Proceedings, Conference on New Processes for Braille Manufacture (APH, Louisville, KY, February 8-9, 1968)
  88. Proceedings of the Workshop "Towards the Communality of Algorithms Among Braille Transcription Systems for Multilingual Usage". University of Munster, Germany, March 1973, published in SIGCAPH Newsletter, No. 15, March 1975
  89. Proceedings of the Workshop "Computerised Braille Production". Danish Association of the Blind, Copenhagen, September 1974.
  90. Improvements to the SAGEM Embosser; Rottier B.; (pdf page 88) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 6, October 1977, p. 87.
  91. Computer Conversion of Compositors Tapes to Grade 2 Braille; Schack A. & J.; Proceedings of the Braille Reserch and Development Conference, MIT Sensory Aids Center, Nov 18 1966 (pdf page 52) pp. 44-74.
  92. Braille Translation System for the IBM 704, IBM Mathematics and Applications Dept. document, by Ann S. Schack and R.T. Mertz, 1961 66 pp.
  93. Studies in the Automation of Braille Mathematics and Music; Schack A. & J.; Final Report to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, The APH, June 1969 pp. 8-78.
  94. Report of New Braille Translation Program at APH; Siems J.R.; Proceedings, Conference on New Processes for Braille Manufacture (APH, Louisville, KY, February 8-9, 1968) pp. 5-10.
  95. The MARKOV system of production rules: a universal Braille translator; Slaby W.A.; The Munster Workshop, March 1973.
  96. The Arts System; Smith G.W.; Braille Forum, Vol. 11, No. 3, November 1972, pp. 14-17.
  97. Braille Apparatus Based on Microprocessors; Snelders J.A.H. & Spanjersberg H.A.; Review of the Dutch Electronics and Radio Association, Vol. 41, No. 4, 1976.
  98. Triformation Systems' Automatic Braille Translation Support Equipment; Snipas R.J.; (pdf page 10) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, pp. 9-10.
  99. DOTSYS III: A Portable Braille Translator; Sullivan J. E.; Proceedings of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1973, pp. 398-403.
  100. Braille Systems; J. E. Sullivan; (pdf page 36) Braille Research Newsletter, No. 5, July 1977, pp. 35-49.
  101. Development of a Dynamic Braille Display; Sutherland N.B.; MITRE Corporation, Report MTR 1951, September 1970.
  102. Translation from Monotype Tape to Grade 2 Braille; Thornhill D.E.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 5, July 1964.
  103. Braille Projects at Paul Sabatier University of Toulouse; Truquet M.; (pdf page 89) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 88-89.
  104. French Grade II Translator Program; Truquet M.; AFIPS Conf. Proc, Vol. 45, June 1976, pp. 205-207.
  105. Computer Tutor for Shorthand Braille; Valery N.; New Scientist, 10 February 1972, p. 319.
  106. Vickery R.P., Helmer L. & McCubbin J., Project Braille 2000; (pdf page 12) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 11-14.
  107. Modern Methods of Transcribing and Printing Braille; Vinding J.; European Braille Conference, Oslo, September 1973, pp. 10-12.
  108. Braille Printing Program System Description; Vinding J.; Copenhagen: Dansk Blindesamfund, Computerised Braille Production, 1974.
  109. Braille Translation Program System Description; Vinding J.; Copenhagen: Dansk Blindesamfund, Computerised Braille Production, 1974.
  110. Computerised Braille in the Netherlands; Vliegenthart M.J.; (pdf page 73) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, p. 72.
  111. SAMBA and RUMBA: Systems for Computer Assisted Translation of Braille Music; Watkins W. & Siems J.; (pdf page 48) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2, August 1976, pp. 47-51.
  112. Automatic Translation of Inkprint to Braille by Electronic Data Processing Systems; Werner H., Dost W. & Seibt P.; AFB Research Bulletin, No. 14, March 1967 pp. 99.108.
  113. The historical development of automatic Braille production in Germany; Werner H.; The Munster Workshop, March 1973.,
  114. Research at Munster University; Werner H.; (pdf page 91) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2. August 1976, p. 90.
  115. The Delft Embosser; Westland A.N.; (pdf page 9) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 1, February 1976, p. 8.
  116. The Design of a Fast Braille Lineprinter; Westland A.N.; (pdf page 4) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 3, December 1976, pp. 3-7.
  117. Computer-Assisted Transcription of Braille Music; Wilkinson Sally; (pdf page 69) Braille Automation Newsletter, No. 2 August 1976, pp. 68-71.
  118. Computer-Produced Braille; Windebank C.L.; Data Systems, November 1968, pp. 18-21.
  119. System Study of Electronic Braille Reproducer: Final Report to Veterans Administration Prosthetic and Sensory Aids Service; Wolfson R.G.; June 1961. New York: Adelphi Research Centre 1961. ARC Report No. 101.
  120. Braille Computer Terminal: A Feasibility Study. Department of Production Engineering and Production Management; Wolfson Industrial Automation Group; University of Nottingham, England 1974, 13 pp.
  121. Development of an Electromechanical Braille Transcribing and Reproduction System; Woodcock R.W.; George Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville, Tenn., U.S.A., May 1965.
  122. Braille Research at George Peabody College; Woodcock R.V.; Proceedings of the Braille Reserch and Development Conference, MIT Sensory Aids Center, Nov 18 1966 (pdf page 28) pp. 20-28.
  123. An Electromechanical Brailling System; Woodcock R.W.; AFB Research Bulletin #21, August 1970, pp. 101-107.